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如何在python中将数据行拆分为以逗号分隔的列

[英]How to split row of data into columns separated by comma in python

我有一个以下格式的文本文件,试图将其转换为行和列:

red,red,blue
blue,red,blue 
blue,blue,red

转换完成后,我想将以上内容存储在rows变量中:

row[0] # should return 'red red blue'
row[0][2] # should return 'blue'

到目前为止,我已经做到:

file = open('myfile.txt')
for row in file:
    # do something here

但是我不确定下一步该怎么办..有人可以帮忙吗? 提前致谢!

没有任何外部模块的解决方案:

output = []

with open('file.txt', 'r') as reading:
    file_input = reading.read().split('\n')

for row in file_input:
    output.append(row.split(','))

print(output)

1. numpy 解决方案 :(因为numpy标签)

numpy.genfromtxt用于numpy数组:

import numpy as np
arr = np.genfromtxt('file.txt',dtype='str',delimiter=',')
print (arr)
[['red' 'red' 'blue']
 ['blue' 'red' 'blue']
 ['blue' 'blue' 'red']]

print (arr[0])
['red' 'red' 'blue']

print (arr[0][2])
blue

2.pandas解决方案

read_csv用于DataFrame和选择值loc

import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv('file.txt', header=None)
print (df)
      0     1      2
0   red   red   blue
1  blue   red   blue
2  blue  blue    red

#select first row to Series
print (df.loc[0])
0     red
1     red
2    blue
Name: 0, dtype: object

#select value by index and column
print (df.loc[0, 2])
blue

3.纯python解决方案

如果要嵌套列表,请使用nested list comprehension

data = [[item for item in line.rstrip('\r\n').split(',')] 
         for line in open('file.txt')]
print (data)

[['red', 'red', 'blue'], ['blue', 'red', 'blue'], ['blue', 'blue', 'red']]

或与模块csv

import csv

reader = csv.reader(open("file.txt"), delimiter=',')
data = [word for word in [row for row in reader]]
print (data)

[['red', 'red', 'blue'], ['blue', 'red', 'blue'], ['blue', 'blue', 'red']]

print (data[0])
['red', 'red', 'blue']

print (data[0][2])
blue

带有pandas模块的替代解决方案,非常适合csv文件处理:

import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv('file.txt', header=None).T

print(df[0].tolist())    # ['red', 'red', 'blue']
print(df[0][2])          # blue

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